Home - Health - Here’s What Makes Novavax An Alternative To MRNA Vaccines
Here’s what makes Novavax an alternative to mRNA vaccines

Here’s what makes Novavax an alternative to mRNA vaccines

When it comes to vaccine development, two innovative approaches have taken center stage in recent years—protein subunit (Novavax) and mRNA vaccines. Both are methods of bolstering immunity against infectious diseases, each with its own set of merits and considerations. To highlight the difference between both approaches, this article explores the characteristics of COVID-19 vaccines, highlighting what makes Novavax an alternative to mRNA vaccines in helping build immunity against the disease:

Disease-specific considerations
The nature of the infectious disease in question plays a pivotal role in determining which vaccine approach is most appropriate. In situations where rapid response is essential, such as the early stages of a pandemic, mRNA vaccines, with their shorter development timelines, may offer a distinct advantage. Here, the ability to swiftly generate and distribute these vaccines was evident in the last few years. On the other hand, for a targeted adaptation to emerging variants, Novavax’s adaptable protein subunit technology can be utilized. Here, the capability to accommodate evolving viral strains makes the vaccine part of the long-term vaccination strategy.

Vaccine technology
To understand the differences and similarities between Novavax and mRNA vaccines, here are the fundamental principles underlying these vaccine technologies.

– The mRNA vaccines work by introducing a small piece of genetic material, called messenger RNA (mRNA), into the body. This mRNA contains instructions for the body to produce a harmless piece of the target pathogen’s protein. The immune system recognizes this protein fragment as foreign and mounts a response, producing antibodies that provide immunity against the actual pathogen if encountered in the future.

– Novavax, on the other hand, adopts a more traditional method known as protein subunit vaccination. This involves the production of viral protein fragments in the lab, which are then used to stimulate an immune response. In the case of Novavax, these protein fragments are derived from the virus’s spike protein, similar to what the mRNA vaccines target.

Real-world application
Clinical trials for Novavax’s vaccine have demonstrated an overall efficacy of over 90%, which is comparable to certain mRNA vaccines. Notably, Novavax’s efficacy remains robust against multiple variants of the virus. 

Safety profile
Safety is paramount in immunization measures. Here, mRNA vaccines have been in use for a shorter period, and so their long-term side effects are still being studied. Common short-term side effects include soreness at the insertion site, fatigue, and mild fever. These side effects usually resolve within a few days and are generally well-tolerated. On the other hand, Novavax’s protein subunit vaccines have a longer history of use, providing a more extensive safety profile. While they can also induce mild side effects, their well-documented track record offers some reassurance for those concerned about potential adverse reactions.

Logistical considerations
The logistics of vaccine distribution can also influence the choice between Novavax and mRNA vaccines. First, mRNA vaccines often require ultra-cold storage conditions, posing logistical challenges, especially in resource-limited regions. This requirement can make transportation and distribution more complex. Novavax’s subunit vaccines are more amenable to traditional refrigeration, simplifying the logistics of storage and distribution to an extent. This can be crucial in ensuring widespread access to vaccines, particularly in areas with limited infrastructure.

Individual health considerations
Individual health conditions and personal preferences can also influence the decision regarding the type of vaccine. While both mRNA and Novavax have favorable safety profiles, specific health conditions or allergies may make one vaccine more suitable for certain individuals. Further, personal choice plays a pivotal role in vaccination decisions. Some may have more trust or confidence in one vaccine based on their familiarity or prior experiences with similar technologies.

Role of booster shots
The ongoing discussion surrounding booster shots can also be a key consideration in the choice of vaccine. Booster shots are intended to enhance and prolong the protection provided by the initial vaccine doses. Both Novavax and mRNA vaccines are under consideration for booster use. Novavax’s adaptability in targeting variants makes it a candidate for booster shots, as it can be quickly modified to address new viral strains. On the other hand, mRNA vaccines have shown robust protection against variants but may also require periodic adjustments. The choice between Novavax and mRNA in terms of booster shots may depend on the need for rapid adaptation, resource availability, and the presence of specific variants in a given region.

Global effort
Ensuring protection against infectious diseases like COVID-19 is a global effort that relies on collaboration and the diverse application of available tools. While this article has focused on the differences between Novavax and mRNA vaccines, it is essential to acknowledge other vaccine technologies and candidates in development, each with its unique strengths and considerations. Global collaboration entails sharing knowledge, resources, and expertise to combat diseases. It requires a nuanced approach, recognizing that different vaccines can complement each other in various ways. This approach ensures that diverse populations have access to the most suitable vaccines for their specific circumstances.

So, the choice between Novavax and mRNA vaccines is a complex decision that depends on multiple factors, including disease nature, urgency, logistical constraints, individual health considerations, and the evolving landscape of booster shots. Both Novavax and mRNA vaccines have demonstrated their effectiveness and offer valuable contributions to global health. Their unique characteristics make them suitable for different scenarios, underscoring the importance of a multifaceted approach to disease prevention and control.

As scientists continue to find newer solutions to infectious diseases and emerging threats, the collaboration and synergy among various vaccine technologies will remain critical in safeguarding public health. The ability to adapt and choose the right tools for the task at hand ensures better future preparedness to deal with health-related challenges and current protection of the health and well-being of populations around the world.

Sources:

  1. https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/covid-19-vaccine-comparison#:~:text=The%20Novavax%20vaccine%20brand%20names,vaccines%20in%20their%20early%20trials%20  
  2. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciimmunol.adg7015
  3. https://www.ej-pharma.org/index.php/pharma/article/view/58
  4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8548286/
  5. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/comparing-vaccines
  6. https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-novavax-vaccine-against-covid-19-what-you-need-to-know
  7. https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/coronavirus-disease-(covid-19)-vaccines
  8. https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/guide-global-covid-19-vaccine-efforts

Latest Articles

10 best laundry detergents and their features
Everything Else

10 best laundry detergents and their features

Detergents are available in multiple forms, such as pods, powder, and liquids, and choosing the best one can be tough. In addition to daily wear clothing and regular laundry items, you could have some garments that require specialized products for effective cleaning. Some members of your family might have sensitive skin and need mild chemical-free products. So here is a list of the best detergents that can make your laundry task hassle-free.  Gain Laundry Detergent Among the list of laundry detergents that are known for their fragrance is Gain Laundry Detergent. The liquid not only cleans your clothes but also gives them a delicate fragrance that can last for up to 6 weeks or until the garment is worn. This detergent can be used in all washing machines, including highly efficient ones. The detergent also has Oxi Boost, a combination of surfactants, enzymes, and pre-treaters that aid in eliminating stains and odors that could be two weeks old. Moreover, this product is available in multiple sizes to cater to the needs of every household. Persil ProClean Laundry Detergent Among the laundry detergents that excel in stain removal is Persil Proclean. This concentrated liquid offers deep cleaning and has stain-fighting enzymes. It has an active scent boost that eliminates the toughest of stains and odors so that your clothes have a fresh feel. This detergent has exceptional performance in all washing machines and provides effective cleaning at all water temperatures. The clean rinse formula and low suds ensure that white clothes stay white and bright clothes stay bright. Kirkland Laundry Detergent If you are looking for laundry detergents that are easy on your pocket, then choosing this Kirkland laundry detergent will be the best. The detergent offers a great combination of performance and cost-effectiveness. It has an ultra-clean formulation which enables it to travel deep in the fabrics to eliminate odor and stains.
Things to know about chronic kidney disease
Health

Things to know about chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease   occurs when there is a gradual failure of kidney function due to illnesses, genetics, etc. The kidneys’ main role is to filter waste matter and flush out excess bodily fluids, but advanced kidney failure causes fluids, electrolytes, and waste to build up in the body. Various factors must be understood to manage the condition, including the causes, symptoms, prevention tips, and more. Read on to learn more about chronic kidney disease. Causes of chronic kidney disease The main causes of chronic kidney disease are as follows: Diabetes When the body’s sugar levels are too high and become unmanageable, bodily organs stop functioning as normal. The first to be affected are the kidneys, leading to diabetes, which, in turn, affects the nerves, eyes, and heart.   High blood pressure This is when blood pressure against the walls of the blood vessels increases, and can lead to chronic kidney disease, heart attacks, and strokes. Hence, chronic kidney disease can also be caused by uncontrolled high blood pressure.   Genetics Chronic kidney disease can also be passed down through the genes. Therefore if someone in your close family has the condition, it is likely to be passed down to you.   Autoimmune disease Lupus nephritis is an autoimmune disease that causes swelling of the small blood vessels, which are responsible for flushing waste out of the kidneys.  Birth disorder Sometimes, certain malfunctions of the kidneys develop in the mother’s womb and can cause infections and kidney damage later on in the person’s life.   Other causes Kidney stones or tumors can cause kidney damage or failure if not treated in time.  Glomerulonephritis It is a group of diseases that can cause inflammation in the filtering segments of the kidneys. This disorder is one of the most common types of kidney disease. Vesicoureteral reflux This is a condition that causes urine to back up into the kidneys.
Have these 14 foods to manage macular degeneration
Health

Have these 14 foods to manage macular degeneration

Macular degeneration is an eye condition that causes changes in the macula, leading to vision loss. Though there is no cure for this condition, following an eye-healthy meal plan is important in managing complications like vision loss. A nutritional regime for age-related macular degeneration should include healthy amounts of vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients. Some foods that contain eye-healthy vitamins that help manage symptoms of macular degeneration are listed below. Macular degeneration Age-related macular degeneration is a primary cause of vision loss among people aged 55 years and above. The condition refers to the deterioration of the central part of the retina called the macula. Symptoms include blurry vision, blind spots, difficulty recognizing faces, visual distortions, and more. Studies indicate that nearly 20 million people in the country live with some form of age-related macular degeneration. This condition occurs in two forms- the dry and the wet form. The dry type occurs when the macula gets thinner with age. This condition gradually progresses over the years. The dry form can advance into the wet type when abnormal blood vessels develop in the back of the eye and harm the macula. The wet type of AMD usually accelerates vision loss. Leafy green veggies Dark-green, leafy vegetables are rich in beta-carotene and carotenoids such as lutein and zeaxanthin. Including leafy vegetables such as spinach, kale, and collard greens in your meal plan can increase the pigment density in the macula and potentially slow down age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Also, keep up a healthy intake of cruciferous vegetables such as cauliflower, broccoli, and cabbage, all excellent sources of essential vitamins. Colorful vegetables Colorful vegetables such as carrots, red and yellow pepper, pumpkin, and tomato contain carotenoids that contain essential vitamins for the eyes, such as lutein and zeaxanthin. To manage macular degeneration, include all these colorful and eye-healthy veggies on your plate.